Pancreatic injuries following laparoscopic splenic flexure mobilization

To call awareness to pancreatic injury occurring following laparoscopic splenic flexure mobilization (LSFM) and to discuss the mechanisms which led to such an injury.

Retrospective review of patients who underwent LSFM as part of their colectomy procedure and sustained pancreatic injuries at a colorectal surgery referral center during 2014-2021.

Of 1022 (0.6%) LSFM performed during the study period, six (0.6%) patients were identified in which clinically significant injuries to the pancreas occurred. Two patients had partial transection of the tail of the pancreas and underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy during the index operation. Three patients developed a post-operative pancreatic fistula after their pancreatic injury went undiagnosed during surgery and required percutaneous drainage, one of whom eventually required a distal pancreatectomy for a persistent pancreatic fistula. Another patient developed a peripancreatic fluid collection which resolved with conservative treatment.

Pancreatic injury is rare and a potentially major complication of LSFM. Anatomical misperception, retroperitoneal bleeding, a large bulky splenic flexure tumor, and a "difficult flexure" were recognized as possible mechanisms of such injury.