Pulmonary vessels and bronchus anatomy of the left upper lobe

The bronchopulmonary vascular bifurcation patterns in the upper lobe of the left lung are diverse. Therefore, it is important for general thoracic surgeons to understand the detailed anatomy of the pulmonary segments when performing thoracoscopic anatomical pulmonary resection. This study aimed to analyze the bronchovascular patterns of the left upper lobe and summarize the anatomical information associated with pulmonary anatomical pulmonary resection.

We reviewed the anatomical patterns of pulmonary vessels and the left lung bronchus of 539 patients using computed tomography imaging data including those obtained using three-dimensional computed tomography. We herein report the anatomic structure in the left upper lobe.

Regarding the superior division bronchi, a pattern of trifurcation into B¹⁺², B³, lingular division bronchus was observed in nine patients (1.7%). A pattern of proximal bifurcation of B⁴ was found in eight patients (1.5%). Regarding the lingular veins (LV), patterns of LV drainage into the left lower pulmonary vein were observed in 22 patients (4.1%). Regarding the pulmonary artery, mediastinal lingular arteries (MLA) were found in 161 patients (29.9%).

The bifurcation patterns of the bronchovascular region in the upper lobe of the left lung were clarified. These results should be carefully noted when performing anatomical pulmonary resection.