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Updated: Oct 3, 2025

A Simple Cell-based Immunofluorescence Assay to Detect Autoantibody Against the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate NMDA Receptor in Blood
Published on: January 9, 2018
Schizophrenia after remission of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis
Kasumi Yasuda1, Shinya Uenishi2, Hiroshi Sakamoto3
1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan.
Abstract:
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction is an attractive hypothesis regarding the etiology of schizophrenia. We present the unprecedented case of a woman diagnosed with schizophrenia without anti-NMDAR antibodies after history of NMDAR encephalitis. A first episode of psychosis was antibody-positive and was improved with steroid and immunoglobulin treatment. Second and third episodes were antibody-negative, each about three months postpartum (different pregnancies) and were improved with antipsychotics. Without NMDAR encephalitis-related findings, we diagnosed schizophrenia. After anti-NMDAR encephalitis, NMDAR dysfunction may decrease the threshold for the onset of psychosis. This case provides insight into NMDAR dysfunction on etiology of schizophrenia.
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