Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Coagulation01:09

Coagulation

7.7K
The coagulation phase is a critical part of the body's process to prevent blood loss following injury to blood vessels. It involves chemical reactions that form a clot to seal the injured area. The clotting process begins shortly after injury, within 15-20 seconds for severe damage and 1-2 minutes for minor injuries.
During the coagulation phase, clotting factors, or procoagulants, play a vital role in initiating and progressing the coagulation cascade. This cascade is a series of reactions...
7.7K
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis01:20

Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis

9.7K
Blood clotting or coagulation involves extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which ultimately merge into the common pathway, forming a fibrin clot.
The Extrinsic Pathway
The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is typically initiated by tissue damage that exposes blood to tissue factor (TF), a protein released by the damaged tissue cells outside the blood vessels—this interaction with TF triggers biochemical reactions involving specific clotting factors. The key player here is Factor VII, which...
9.7K
Introduction to Hemostasis01:05

Introduction to Hemostasis

9.4K
Hemostasis is a complex physiological process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. It's crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system, as it ensures that our blood remains fluid while still within the vascular network and yet clots to prevent blood loss upon vessel injury.
The three phases of hemostasis involve many clotting factors present in plasma and several substances released by platelets and injured tissue cells. It is a fast, localized,...
9.4K
Oxygen Transport in the Blood01:27

Oxygen Transport in the Blood

3.8K
Hemoglobin (Hb) is a crucial molecule in the human body, consisting of four polypeptide chains, each bound to an iron-containing heme group. This unique structure enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen, with each molecule capable of combining with four molecules of oxygen, leading to rapid and reversible oxygen loading. When fully loaded with oxygen, it is called oxyhemoglobin, while hemoglobin that has released oxygen is called reduced hemoglobin or deoxyhemoglobin. As hemoglobin binds oxygen,...
3.8K
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

975
Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
975
Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion01:17

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

1.1K
Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Red Cell Damage During Extracorporeal Life Support.

ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)·2024
Same author

Causes of red blood cell loss during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Transfusion·2023
Same author

Monitoring Direct Thrombin Inhibitors With Calibrated Diluted Thrombin Time vs Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time in Pediatric Patients.

American journal of clinical pathology·2022
Same author

Causes of platelet loss during extracorporeal life support.

Artificial organs·2022
Same author

Thrombosis in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Circuits.

ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)·2021
Same author

Interlaboratory Performance in Measurement of Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban.

Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 3, 2025

Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Mouse
06:41

Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Mouse

Published on: October 24, 2018

12.7K

Coagulation activation during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Wayne L Chandler1

  • 1Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Thrombosis Research
|February 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) activates coagulation via Factor XIa and procoagulant vesicles. This leads to thrombus formation, a risk during ECMO therapy.

Keywords:
Coagulation activationContact activationExtracorporeal membrane oxygenationProcoagulant extracellular vesiclesTissue factor

More Related Videos

Artificial Lung Device Priming for In Situ Fiber Bundle Surface Grafting
08:53

Artificial Lung Device Priming for In Situ Fiber Bundle Surface Grafting

Published on: March 28, 2025

531
A Microfluidic Flow Chamber Model for Platelet Transfusion and Hemostasis Measures Platelet Deposition and Fibrin Formation in Real-time
09:38

A Microfluidic Flow Chamber Model for Platelet Transfusion and Hemostasis Measures Platelet Deposition and Fibrin Formation in Real-time

Published on: February 14, 2017

14.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 3, 2025

Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Mouse
06:41

Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Mouse

Published on: October 24, 2018

12.7K
Artificial Lung Device Priming for In Situ Fiber Bundle Surface Grafting
08:53

Artificial Lung Device Priming for In Situ Fiber Bundle Surface Grafting

Published on: March 28, 2025

531
A Microfluidic Flow Chamber Model for Platelet Transfusion and Hemostasis Measures Platelet Deposition and Fibrin Formation in Real-time
09:38

A Microfluidic Flow Chamber Model for Platelet Transfusion and Hemostasis Measures Platelet Deposition and Fibrin Formation in Real-time

Published on: February 14, 2017

14.0K

Area of Science:

  • Coagulation science
  • Cardiopulmonary bypass
  • Thrombosis research

Background:

  • Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is life-saving but associated with circuit thrombus formation.
  • Thrombus formation is driven by thrombin generation, requiring activators and phospholipid surfaces.
  • Risks include oxygenator occlusion, hemolysis, and arterial embolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify specific coagulation activators in ECMO patient plasma.
  • To determine sources of procoagulant phospholipids during ECMO.
  • To assess thrombin generation potential (TGP) in ECMO patients.

Main Methods:

  • Collected plasma from 60 ECMO patients (1 day-19 years).
  • Evaluated native and stimulated TGP, Factor II levels.
  • Quantified procoagulant extracellular vesicles via flow cytometry.

Main Results:

  • Native TGP increased during ECMO, normalizing post-therapy.
  • Activated Factor XIa was the primary TGP activator (100% of samples).
  • Procoagulant extracellular vesicles (platelet, red cell origin) increased 2-7 fold, correlating with TGP.

Conclusions:

  • ECMO activates plasma coagulation mainly via the contact system and FXIa.
  • Platelet and red cell activation generate circulating procoagulant extracellular vesicles.
  • These findings elucidate mechanisms of thrombosis during ECMO.