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Pseudoseizures: an overview.

M R Volow

    Southern Medical Journal
    |May 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Pseudoseizures, or psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES), are a distinct clinical diagnosis. Accurate diagnosis relies on observing spell patterns, response to anticonvulsants, and sometimes video-EEG monitoring.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Psychiatry
    • Clinical Psychology

    Background:

    • Pseudoseizures, previously termed hysterical seizures, are now recognized as a distinct clinical entity.
    • Understanding the etiology and diagnostic challenges of pseudoseizures is crucial for effective patient management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline the diagnostic process for pseudoseizures.
    • To discuss the complexities in differentiating pseudoseizures from epileptic seizures.
    • To review current and exploratory treatment approaches for pseudoseizures.

    Main Methods:

    • Diagnosis primarily relies on detailed clinical neurologic observation of spell characteristics.
    • Negative response to anticonvulsant therapy is a key diagnostic indicator.
    • Video electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring, including spontaneous or induced spells, aids in challenging cases.

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  • Psychiatric evaluation for psychopathology is often supportive.

    • Main Results:

    • The diagnosis of pseudoseizures is complex, requiring careful clinical assessment.
    • Effective treatment remains challenging, with various therapeutic strategies explored.
    • Exposure to spell behavior models appears significant in the development of pseudoseizures.

    Conclusions:

    • Pseudoseizures are a valid clinical diagnosis requiring specialized diagnostic approaches.
    • Treatment success is variable, necessitating further research into effective interventions.
    • Pseudoseizures can be associated with conversion disorder or dissociative disorder.