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Redefining precision cancer prevention to promote health equity

Eboneé N Butler1, Asad Umar2, Brandy M Heckman-Stoddard2

  • 1Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.

Trends in Cancer
|February 19, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Precision cancer prevention must address systemic biases and social determinants of health (SDH) to be effective for all populations. A new framework prioritizes equity by considering individual needs and contexts for cancer prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Public Health
  • Health Equity

Background:

  • Precision cancer prevention aims for molecular-targeted interception of carcinogenesis.
  • Current approaches may exacerbate health disparities due to systemic biases.
  • Cancer risk is influenced by genetic, biological, and social determinants of health (SDH).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a broader, more equitable framework for precision cancer prevention.
  • To ensure precision cancer prevention benefits all populations, particularly minoritized communities.
  • To integrate social determinants of health into cancer prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual framework development.
  • Analysis of systemic biases in current cancer prevention interventions.
  • Integration of SDH into precision cancer prevention models.

Main Results:

  • Current precision cancer prevention may not serve all populations equitably.
  • A broader framework is needed to optimize benefits and minimize harms across diverse groups.
  • Considering 'who, where, and how' interventions are delivered is crucial for equity.

Conclusions:

  • Achieving cancer prevention health equity requires a paradigm shift.
  • Precision cancer prevention must be redefined to encompass SDH and address systemic inequities.
  • A holistic approach is essential for effective and equitable cancer prevention for all.
Keywords:
health disparitieshealth inequitiesprecision cancer prevention

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