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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 3, 2025

A Lateralized Odor Learning Model in Neonatal Rats for Dissecting Neural Circuitry Underpinning Memory Formation
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Disinhibitory Circuitry Gates Associative Synaptic Plasticity in Olfactory Cortex.

Martha Canto-Bustos1,2, F Kathryn Friason1,2, Constanza Bassi1

  • 1Department of Neuroscience.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|February 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary

VIP interneurons disinhibit olfactory cortex circuits by inhibiting SST interneurons, gating synaptic plasticity and enabling odor learning. This reveals a disinhibitory microcircuit crucial for sensory representations.

Keywords:
circuitcortexinhibitionolfactoryplasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cortical circuits
  • Synaptic plasticity

Background:

  • Inhibitory microcircuits regulate cortical responses and sensory representations.
  • Disinhibition, through interneuron-specific inhibition, opens gates for neural activity.
  • The specific interneurons and circuits mediating disinhibition in the anterior piriform cortex remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify inhibitory interneurons and disinhibitory circuits regulating long-term potentiation (LTP) in the anterior piriform cortex.
  • To elucidate the roles of somatostatin (SST), parvalbumin (PV), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) interneurons in gating synaptic plasticity.

Main Methods:

  • Optogenetic techniques were employed in mice of both sexes.
  • The study focused on manipulating and observing the activity of SST, PV, and VIP interneuron populations.

Main Results:

  • Long-term potentiation (LTP) was found to be gated by the inactivation of SST or PV interneurons.
  • Activation of VIP interneurons was necessary for LTP induction.
  • VIP interneurons preferentially inhibited SST interneurons over PV interneurons during LTP induction.

Conclusions:

  • VIP interneurons mediate a disinhibitory circuit that gates synaptic plasticity in the anterior piriform cortex.
  • This VIP-mediated disinhibition is crucial for the formation of olfactory representations and odor learning.
  • The identified disinhibitory microcircuit motifs are conserved across cortical areas, suggesting a general mechanism for sensory processing and learning.