Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

468
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
468
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

1.1K
Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
1.1K
Visual System01:26

Visual System

774
Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
774
Vision01:24

Vision

55.8K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
55.8K
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

395
Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
395
Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

307
The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
307

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Can I believe my voice? Self-similarity and the illusory truth effect.

Cognition·2026
Same author

Map-based navigation: Individual differences in perspective taking and path integration.

Neuropsychologia·2026
Same author

No error on the side of safety: No representational momentum for auditory looming stimuli.

Psychonomic bulletin & review·2026
Same author

Not proportional after all: Investigating speed perception with the beep-speed illusion.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same author

Abruptness of tone onsets, but not offsets, elicits the auditory-induced bouncing/streaming illusion.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2025
Same author

AI-determined similarity increases likability and trustworthiness of human voices.

PloS one·2025
Same journal

Self-face recognition under self-implicating threat: preserved self-prioritization and recalibrated control dynamics.

Cognitive research: principles and implications·2026
Same journal

Out of sight, out of mind? How discarded items shape environmental judgments.

Cognitive research: principles and implications·2026
Same journal

Implicit learning of social information in contextual cueing.

Cognitive research: principles and implications·2026
Same journal

A downside of conceptual metaphor: metaphoric alignments of black and white.

Cognitive research: principles and implications·2026
Same journal

Visual attention in bilingual instructional videos: effects of audiovisual congruency and subtitle language.

Cognitive research: principles and implications·2026
Same journal

Predicting accuracy in eyewitness showups: confidence and response time in the laboratory, confidence in the field.

Cognitive research: principles and implications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 3, 2025

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
07:36

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

15.9K

Visual working memory for connected 3D objects: effects of stimulus complexity, dimensionality and connectivity.

Chuanxiuyue He1, Peri Gunalp2, Hauke S Meyerhoff3

  • 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA. c_he@ucsb.edu.

Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications
|February 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visual working memory (VWM) capacity for 3D objects is similar to 2D stimuli. Complexity, not dimensionality or connectivity, impacts VWM performance for these objects.

More Related Videos

Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis
13:51

Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis

Published on: November 9, 2011

20.1K
Author Spotlight: Insights into the Analysis of Human Interaction with 3D Virtual Objects
06:36

Author Spotlight: Insights into the Analysis of Human Interaction with 3D Virtual Objects

Published on: October 18, 2024

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 3, 2025

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
07:36

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

15.9K
Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis
13:51

Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis

Published on: November 9, 2011

20.1K
Author Spotlight: Insights into the Analysis of Human Interaction with 3D Virtual Objects
06:36

Author Spotlight: Insights into the Analysis of Human Interaction with 3D Virtual Objects

Published on: October 18, 2024

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Visual working memory (VWM) is typically studied with simple 2D stimuli, revealing significant capacity limits.
  • Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) professionals often work with complex 3D objects, prompting research into VWM for such stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate visual working memory capacity for three-dimensional (3D) objects.
  • To determine if object complexity, dimensionality, or connectivity affects VWM performance compared to 2D stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • A color change detection task was employed to assess VWM capacity.
  • Experiments manipulated object complexity (number of parts), structural dimensionality, and connectivity for both 3D objects and 2D squares.
  • Stimulus characteristics like size and visual angle were controlled in later experiments.

Main Results:

  • Increased object complexity (more parts) reduced sensitivity to color changes.
  • Change-irrelevant structural dimensionality and connectivity did not significantly affect performance.
  • VWM performance for 3D objects and 2D squares showed similar set size effects, with slightly higher sensitivity for 3D objects when complexity was equated.

Conclusions:

  • Visual working memory capacity for 3D objects is comparable to that for 2D stimuli.
  • Dimensionality and connectivity are not primary factors influencing VWM performance when they are change-irrelevant.
  • These findings suggest that VWM limitations for complex 3D objects are not explained by structural properties alone, ruling out one potential reason for STEM experts' advantages.