Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 3, 2025

Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration Followed by Primary Suture Using a Modified Bile Duct Incision
Published on: May 2, 2025
Survey on the current status of the indication and implementation protocols for bile replacement in patients with
Hiroji Shinkawa1, Shoji Kubo2,3, Hiroshige Mikamo4,3
1Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan. hirojishinkawa9876@gmail.com.
Purpose:
This survey of bile replacement (BR) was conducted on patients with external biliary drainage to assess the current status of indication and implementation protocol of BR with special reference to infection control.
Methods:
A 12-item questionnaire regarding the performance of perioperative BR was sent to 124 institutions in Japan.
Results:
BR was performed in 29 institutions, and the indication protocol was introduced in 19. BR was performed preoperatively in 11 institutions, pre- and postoperatively in 12, and postoperatively in 6. The methods used for BR administration included oral intake (n = 10), nasogastric tube (n = 1), enteral nutrition tube (n = 3), oral intake and enteral nutrition tube (n = 6), oral intake or nasogastric tube (n = 2), nasogastric tube and enteral nutrition tube (n = 2), and oral intake or nasogastric tube and enteral nutrition tube (n = 5). In 10 of 29 institutions, isolation of multidrug-resistant organisms and a high bacterial load were considered contraindications for the use of BR. Seven institutions experienced environmental contamination.
Conclusions:
Given the different implementation of BR among institutions, the appropriate indication and protocols for BR should be established for infection control.
More Related Videos
07:44Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Hepaticogastrostomy in Malignant Biliary Obstruction
Published on: March 25, 2022
07:36Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration in Patients with a Previous History of Biliary Tract Surgery
Published on: February 10, 2023
Related Concept Videos
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP
Patient...
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
Endocarditis III: Medical Management
Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management