A new treatment strategy for hemifacial microsomia: Auricular reconstruction with an expanded two-flap method and...

Owing to the complex clinical manifestations of hemifacial microsomia (HFM), multidisciplinary cooperation is required to achieve better therapeutic effects in terms of function and aesthetics. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of the expanded two-flap auricular reconstruction combined with mandibular distraction osteogenesis in the treatment of HFM.

This surgical strategy was performed in three stages. In the first stage, the retroauricular skin was expanded with a tissue expander and a mandibular distraction device was installed. In the second stage, the traditional expanded two-flap method for auricular reconstruction was adapted, and the framework was fabricated with costal cartilage and wrapped with the expanded skin flap, retroauricular fascia flap, and full-thickness skin graft. In the final stage, the tragus and lobule were rebuilt, the concha cavity deepened, and the mandibular distraction device removed.

From January 2014 to November 2018, 166 HFM patients underwent auricular reconstruction with the expanded two-flap method and simultaneous mandibular extension in our hospital. The median follow-up period was 9.3 months. Of the 166 patients, 154 patients and their families were satisfied with the results, and only 16 patients experienced complications.

This three-stage technique of simultaneous auricular reconstruction and mandibular distraction osteogenesis is safe and effective in achieving facial symmetry, improving occlusal contact, shortening treatment course, and relieving patient's suffering, especially for HFM patients.