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Surgical therapy in osteoarthritis.
1Institute of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, Homburg, Saar, Germany; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage
|February 20, 2022
Summary
Total joint arthroplasty is the established surgical option for end-stage osteoarthritis (OA), offering pain relief and functional improvement. Early surgical interventions to prevent OA have limited long-term evidence.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Rheumatology
- Surgical Innovation
Background:
- Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease requiring effective management strategies.
- Surgical interventions are considered for both end-stage disease and potentially earlier stages to prevent progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an evidence-based overview of surgical procedures for osteoarthritis.
- To evaluate surgical options for severe OA and those aimed at delaying OA development.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of surgical therapies for osteoarthritis.
- Analysis of evidence supporting joint arthroplasty and joint-preserving procedures.
Main Results:
- Total joint arthroplasty (hip and knee) is a highly successful, established treatment for end-stage OA, improving pain, function, and quality of life.
- Surgical options to postpone OA, such as osteotomies and cartilage repair, address pre-osteoarthritic deformities but have less robust long-term evidence for preventing OA development.
Conclusions:
- Total joint arthroplasty remains the gold standard for severe OA.
- Further research is needed to establish the long-term efficacy of reparative procedures in reducing OA development.
