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Related Experiment Videos

Trench nephritis: a retrospective perception.

J F Maher

    American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation
    |May 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Trench nephritis, a WWI epidemic, caused kidney disease in soldiers with distinct symptoms. Its post-infectious cause remains unclear, impacting military healthcare significantly.

    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Military Medicine
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • World War I saw a widespread epidemic of nephritis among soldiers, particularly those in trench warfare.
    • This condition significantly impacted military healthcare, accounting for 5% of medical admissions.

    Observation:

    • The nephritis presented with sudden albuminuria, hypertension, edema, and dyspnea.
    • Atypical features included bronchitis, rapid course, low mortality, and frequent relapses, differentiating it from poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis.

    Findings:

    • Pathological examination revealed glomerular ischemia, capillary thrombi, endocapillary proliferation, and epithelial crescents, indicative of vasculitis.
    • The exact cause was undetermined, but a post-infectious, potentially post-viral, origin was hypothesized.

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    Implications:

    • Trench nephritis was a major nephrologic challenge during WWI, occupying over 10% of military hospital beds.
    • Understanding this historical epidemic offers insights into infectious disease impacts on large populations and military health.