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Acute effects of routine firefighting on lung function.

D Sheppard, S Distefano, L Morse

    American Journal of Industrial Medicine
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Routine firefighting acutely impairs lung function in firefighters, with significant decrements in FEV1 and FVC observed after fires. This lung function decline was not linked to baseline airway responsiveness.

    Area of Science:

    • Occupational Health
    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Environmental Health

    Background:

    • Firefighting involves exposure to combustion products.
    • Acute lung function changes in firefighters are not fully understood.
    • Airway responsiveness may influence susceptibility to occupational lung insults.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess acute changes in lung function after routine firefighting.
    • To examine the relationship between acute lung function changes and airway responsiveness.

    Main Methods:

    • 29 firefighters' FEV1 and FVC were measured before and after workshifts and fires over 8 weeks.
    • Methacholine challenge tests determined airway responsiveness (Pc100).
    • Lung function changes were compared between post-fire and non-fire workshifts.

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    Main Results:

    • A significant fall in FEV1/FVC occurred in 24% of post-fire measurements versus 1% post-routine shifts (p<.001).
    • Persistent lung function decrements were observed in some firefighters hours after fires.
    • Acute lung function declines occurred similarly in firefighters with high and low airway responsiveness.

    Conclusions:

    • Routine firefighting is associated with a high incidence of acute lung function impairment.
    • Acute lung function decrements after fires can be prolonged.
    • Baseline airway responsiveness did not predict acute lung function changes post-fire.