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Protein O-GlcNAcylation Regulates Innate Immune Cell Function.

Hong Dong1, Zihao Liu1, Haitao Wen1,2,3

  • 1Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.

Frontiers in Immunology
|February 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Protein O-GlcNAcylation, a metabolite-mediated posttranslational modification, is crucial for innate immune cell function. This review highlights its role in regulating NF-κB and inflammatory signaling pathways.

Keywords:
NF-κB signalingO-GlcNAcylationOGTacute inflammationantiviral immune responseinnate immunity

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Metabolite-mediated protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) fine-tune cellular activities.
  • Protein O-GlcNAcylation, a PTM by UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc), is catalyzed by OGT and OGA.
  • O-GlcNAcylation critically impacts nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins, often cross-regulating with phosphorylation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent findings on protein O-GlcNAcylation in innate immunity.
  • To focus on O-GlcNAcylation's role in NF-κB and inflammatory signaling.
  • To discuss the disease relevance of these regulatory mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and studies.
  • Analysis of protein O-GlcNAcylation's impact on signaling pathways.
  • Examination of alterations in O-GlcNAcylation during innate immune cell activation.

Main Results:

  • Protein O-GlcNAcylation is profoundly altered upon innate immune cell activation.
  • O-GlcNAcylation of NF-κB pathway proteins is essential for innate immune cell function.
  • Cross-regulation between O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation impacts innate immune signaling.

Conclusions:

  • Protein O-GlcNAcylation is a key regulator of innate immune cell functionality.
  • Dysregulation of O-GlcNAcylation in immune signaling pathways has disease implications.
  • Further research into O-GlcNAcylation mechanisms can reveal therapeutic targets.