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COVID-19 in HIV-positive patients: A systematic review of case reports and case series

Mohsen Heidary1,2, Arezoo Asadi3, Negar Noorbakhsh4

  • 1Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis
|February 21, 2022
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection presents significant risks, particularly for individuals with pre-existing conditions like hypertension and diabetes. Regular screening of HIV patients is crucial during the COVID-19 pandemic to ensure continued treatment and diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are significant viral diseases lacking definitive cures.
  • The global focus on the COVID-19 pandemic has led to decreased attention on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) control.
  • Understanding COVID-19 characteristics in HIV-positive individuals is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current knowledge on COVID-19 characteristics in HIV-positive patients.
  • To highlight the impact of COVID-19 on HIV management and patient outcomes.
  • To emphasize the need for continued HIV care during the pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search using PRISMA guidelines.
  • Databases searched included Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science from January 2019 to February 2021.
  • Keywords encompassed various terms for HIV, AIDS, and COVID-19.

Main Results:

  • The majority of reviewed studies focused on male patients (74.3%).
  • Common HIV treatments included tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, emtricitabine, and lamivudine.
  • Key symptoms in co-infected patients were coughing (81.3%), fever (62.8%), and dyspnea (60%).
  • Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin were frequently used for COVID-19 treatment.
  • The overall mortality rate for HIV-positive patients with COVID-19 was approximately 9%.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-positive patients with COVID-19 frequently exhibit comorbidities such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
  • COVID-19 co-infection may adversely affect HIV treatment and diagnosis.
  • Regular screening of HIV patients is essential throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19HIVco-infectionreview

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