Dihydroquercetin improves rotenone-induced Parkinsonism by regulating NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway in rats

This study examined the effect of dihydroquercetin (DHQ), also knofigurewn as taxifolin, on rotenone-induced Parkinsonism in rats. Male Wistar rats were administered 1.5 mg/kg rotenone for 10 days and subsequently treated with 0.25-1.0 mg/kg DHQ for 3 days followed by the assessment of parkinsonian symptoms. Brain striatal redox stress and neurochemical dysfunction markers were assessed spectrophotometrically. Histopathological evaluation of the striatum was done by hematoxylin and eosin staining technique. The expression of genes involved in the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway (IL-1β, TNF-α, NF-κB and IκKB), and the p53 gene in the striatum were determined by RT-qPCR. DHQ attenuated parkinsonian symptoms as well as striatal redox stress, neurochemical dysfunction, and histological alterations occasioned by rotenone toxicity. Importantly, DHQ significantly suppressed the rotenone-induced upregulation of IL-1β, NF-κB, and IκKB expression (p < 0.05) in the striatum of parkinsonian rats. DHQ demonstrated notable neurotherapeutic potential against rotenone-induced Parkinsonism in rats by improving parkinsonian symptoms (bradykinesia, catalepsy, postural instability, impaired locomotor behavior, and tremor) and neurochemical dysfunctions via modulation of genes involved in the activation of the canonical pathway of NF-κB-mediated inflammation.