Analysis of risk factors for multidrug-resistant organisms in diabetic foot infection

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Diabetology
• Microbiology

Background:

• Diabetic foot infections pose a significant challenge due to high rates of multi-drug resistant (MDR) organisms.
• Understanding the specific bacteriological profiles and risk factors associated with MDR infections is critical for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the bacteriological characteristics of diabetic foot infections.
• To identify risk factors contributing to multi-drug resistance in these infections.
• To inform effective treatment strategies for patients with diabetic foot ulcers.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of 180 patients with diabetic foot ulcers was studied between June 2018 and December 2019.
• Data collected included demographic information, blood tests, and wound cultures with sensitivity testing.
• Statistical analysis was performed to identify risk factors for MDR bacterial infections.

Main Results:

• Out of 180 patients, 146 had positive bacterial cultures, with 84 yielding MDR bacteria.
• Identified risk factors for MDR infection included elevated BMI, poor glycemic control (HbA1c, fasting glucose), triglyceride levels, ulcer chronicity and size, peripheral neuropathy/vascular disease, osteomyelitis, and prior antibiotic use.
• Patients with MDR infections showed lower leukocyte counts and neutrophil ratios compared to those with non-MDR infections.

Conclusions:

• The prevalence of MDR bacteria in diabetic foot infections is notably high.
• Comprehensive assessment of disease course, metabolic status, and local ulcer factors is essential for risk stratification and treatment planning.
• A decreased leukocyte count and neutrophil ratio may indicate an impaired host immune response in the context of MDR infections.