A Multiparametric Fusion Deep Learning Model Based on DCE-MRI for Preoperative Prediction of Microvascular Invasion
Wenyu Gao1,2, Wentao Wang3,4, Danjun Song5,6
1Digital Medical Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Background:
Assessment of microvascular invasion (MVI) in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) by using a noninvasive method is an unresolved issue. Deep learning (DL) methods based on multiparametric fusion of MR images have the potential of preoperative assessment of MVI.
Purpose:
To investigate whether a multiparametric fusion DL model based on MR images can be used for preoperative assessment of MVI in ICC.
Study Type:
Retrospective.
Population:
A total of 519 patients (200 females and 319 males) with a single ICC were categorized as a training (n = 361), validation (n = 90), and an external test cohort (n = 68).
Field Strength/Sequence:
A 1.5 T and 3.0 T; axial T2-weighted turbo spin-echo sequence, diffusion-weighted imaging with a single-shot spin-echo planar sequence, and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging with T1-weighted three-dimensional quick spoiled gradient echo sequence.
Assessment:
DL models of multiparametric fusion convolutional neural network (CNN) and late fusion CNN were both constructed for evaluating MVI in ICC. Gradient-weighted class activation mapping was used for visual interpretation of MVI status in ICC.
Statistical Tests:
The DL model performance was assessed through the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) with the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were measured. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistical significance.
Results:
In the external test cohort, the proposed multiparametric fusion DL model achieved an AUC of 0.888 with an accuracy of 86.8%, sensitivity of 85.7%, and specificity of 87.0% for evaluating MVI in ICC, and the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 63.2% and 95.9%, respectively. The late fusion DL model achieved a lower AUC of 0.866, with an accuracy of 83.8%, sensitivity of 78.6%, specificity of 85.2% for evaluating MVI in ICC.
Data Conclusion:
Our DL model based on multiparametric fusion of MRI achieved a good diagnostic performance in the evaluation of MVI in ICC.
Level Of Evidence:
3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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