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Developing a Comprehensive Scale for Parenting Resilience and Adaptation (CPRA) and an assessment algorithm: a
Shoko Sugao1, Kei Hirai2, Masayuki Endo3
1Clinical Psychology, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, 1-2 Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. sugao@hus.osaka-u.ac.jp.
BMC Psychology
|February 23, 2022
Summary
A new tool, the Comprehensive Scale for Parenting Resilience and Adaptation (CPRA), assesses factors influencing childcare adaptation. It helps predict maternal maladjustment and guides targeted support for parents.
Area of Science:
- Parenting and Child Development
- Mental Health
- Psychological Assessment
Background:
- Child-rearing adaptation is influenced by a complex interplay of environmental and individual factors.
- Previous research often focused on single factors, necessitating a comprehensive approach for effective support.
- This study aimed to develop a holistic assessment tool for childcare adaptation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a comprehensive assessment tool for evaluating factors related to childcare adaptation.
- To identify key predictors of maternal depressive tendencies and maladjustment.
- To create a model for understanding and supporting maternal psychological adjustment during child-rearing.
Main Methods:
- Semi-structured interviews with parenting support specialists informed questionnaire development.
- A 118-item questionnaire was administered to 1,031 mothers of children aged 0-3 years.
- Factor analysis, correlation, and multiple regression analyses were used to validate the tool and identify predictive factors for depressive symptoms.
Main Results:
- The Comprehensive Scale for Parenting Resilience and Adaptation (CPRA) was developed, comprising 81 items across five domains.
- Factor analysis confirmed five subcategories: Child's Temperament and Health, Environmental Resources, Perceived Support, Mother's Cognitive and Behavioural Characteristics, and Psychological Adaptation to Parenting.
- Depressive symptoms were significantly predicted by factors within Environmental Resources, Perceived Support, Mother's Cognitive and Behavioural Characteristics, and Psychological Adaptation to Parenting.
Conclusions:
- The CPRA provides a nuanced understanding of maternal strengths and weaknesses in parenting.
- The tool aids in predicting maternal maladaptive states by analyzing interactions between multiple influencing factors.
- The developed model and assessment tool can inform targeted interventions and enhance awareness to prevent childcare maladjustment.
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