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Different Contribution of the Monkey Prefrontal and Premotor Dorsal Cortex in Decision Making During a Transitive

S Ramawat1, V Mione2, F Di Bello2

  • 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; PhD Program in Behavioral Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.

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Summary

Monkeys developed an abstract understanding of item rankings, influencing their decision-making speed and accuracy in a transitive inference task. Neural activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) reflected this learning, with spatial encoding appearing earlier in the DLPFC.

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decision-makingmonkeyprefrontal cortexpremotor cortextransitive inference task

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Primate Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Neural modulations in frontal cortex areas, including dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) and dorsal premotor (PMd) cortex, are implicated in abstract rule encoding for action selection.
  • Transitive inference tasks are crucial for understanding how organisms learn and represent ordered relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare neuronal modulation in the DLPFC and PMd of monkeys during a transitive inference task involving abstract image rankings.
  • To investigate how abstract rule learning and decision-making are represented neurally.

Main Methods:

  • Monkeys were trained on a transitive inference task with an arbitrarily rank-ordered set of abstract images (A > B > C > D > E > F).
  • Neuronal activity in the DLPFC and PMd was recorded during decisions about ordinal relationships between non-adjacent items.
  • Behavioral metrics (choice accuracy, reaction time) and neural activity were analyzed in relation to item rank difference and spatial position.

Main Results:

  • Choice accuracy increased and reaction time decreased as the rank difference between compared items grew, suggesting an abstract mental representation of item ranks.
  • Both DLPFC and PMd showed higher neuronal activity when the target item appeared in a specific screen location, especially in easier trials.
  • Neural encoding of the target item's spatial position occurred earlier in the DLPFC than in the PMd.

Conclusions:

  • Monkeys form abstract representations of ranked items, enabling efficient comparison based on positional information within this representation.
  • The DLPFC and PMd exhibit distinct temporal dynamics in encoding spatial information relevant to decision-making in transitive inference tasks.
  • Findings contribute to understanding the neural basis of abstract reasoning and decision-making in the frontal cortex.