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Differences in apparent diffusion coefficients between normal brain echo-planar images and turbo spin-echo

Yasuo Takatsu1, Masafumi Nakamura2, Hajime Sagawa3

  • 1Department of System Control Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki-city, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan; Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki-city, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan; Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan.

European Journal of Radiology
|February 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements in normal brains differ between echo-planar imaging (EPI) and turbo spin-echo (TSE) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). EPI-DWI showed higher ADC values and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than TSE-DWI.

Keywords:
Apparent diffusion coefficientBrainDiffusion-weighted imagingDistortion correctionMagnetic resonance imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Medical Physics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is crucial for evaluating brain tissue microstructure.
  • Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values provide quantitative insights into tissue properties.
  • Echo-planar imaging (EPI) and turbo spin-echo (TSE) are common DWI sequences with distinct characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements between EPI-DWI and TSE-DWI in normal brain regions.
  • To evaluate the impact of a retrospective distortion correction technique on DWI datasets.
  • To obtain basic clinical data on ADC values in various normal brain areas.

Main Methods:

  • 32 healthy individuals underwent 1.5-T MRI using both EPI-DWI and TSE-DWI sequences.
  • A retrospective distortion correction technique involving segmentation, edge detection, non-rigid registration, and image warping was applied.
  • ADC values were calculated for 26 brain regions, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of cerebrospinal fluid was measured.

Main Results:

  • ADC values were significantly higher when measured by EPI-DWI compared to TSE-DWI.
  • The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was significantly higher for EPI-DWI than for TSE-DWI.
  • The retrospective distortion correction technique was employed to compare the datasets.

Conclusions:

  • ADC measurements vary significantly between EPI-DWI and TSE-DWI sequences.
  • Caution is advised when measuring ADC values in brain regions prone to signal distortion or low SNR, such as the brain stem.
  • The findings highlight the importance of sequence selection and potential artifacts in quantitative DWI analysis.