Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 2, 2025
Electrophysiological Measurements and Analysis of Nociception in Human Infants
Published on: December 20, 2011
Breast milk vs 24% sucrose for procedural pain relief in preterm neonates: a non-inferiority randomized controlled
Pradeep Kumar Velumula1, Faesal Elbakoush2,3, Carl Tabb2,3
1MercyOne Waterloo Medical Center, Waterloo, IA, USA. Pradeep.omc@gmail.com.
Objectives:
To compare the pain scores between the two groups, breast milk (BM) and 24% sucrose, in preterm neonates undergoing automated heel lance for the blood draw.
Methods:
The study is designed as a randomized, single-blinded, non-inferiority trial. Infants born between 30 1/7weeks and 36 6/7 weeks of gestation were randomly assigned to receive either 24% sucrose or expressed BM. The Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised (PIPP-R) was utilized to provide pain scores.
Results:
No differences were noted in the baseline characteristics between the two groups. The quantile regression estimates for PIPP-R scores during the procedure were statistically non-significant at all percentile levels of distribution (50%ile coefficient 0, 95% CI -0.49 to 0.49).
Conclusion:
We conclude that BM is not inferior to 24% sucrose in providing analgesia during heel lance in moderate and late preterm infants.
Trial Registration:
This trial was registered at www.
Clinicaltrials:
gov (identifier NCT04898881).
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