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Area of Science:

  • Paleontology
  • Geology
  • Climate Science

Background:

  • The Cretaceous-Palaeogene (K-Pg) mass extinction event, approximately 66 million years ago, was primarily caused by the Chicxulub asteroid impact.
  • This extinction event led to the demise of about 76% of all species, including non-avian dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and marine reptiles.
  • Previous research has primarily focused on millennial timescales, leaving the precise season of the impact unaddressed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the season of the Chicxulub asteroid impact.
  • To investigate the influence of impact timing on selective species survival during the K-Pg extinction.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of exceptionally preserved acipenseriform fishes from Tanis impact deposits.
  • Utilizing osteohistology and stable isotope records from fossilized bones.
  • Examining annual cyclicity in fish life cycles, including reproduction and hibernation/aestivation patterns.

Main Results:

  • Fossil evidence indicates the Chicxulub impact occurred during the boreal spring.
  • Annual life cycles of various biotic clades exhibited strong seasonal variations in the latest Cretaceous.
  • The impact's timing in boreal spring (austral autumn) is postulated as a key factor in differential species survival.

Conclusions:

  • The Chicxulub impact event occurred during the boreal spring.
  • Seasonal timing of the impact played a significant role in the selective nature of the Cretaceous-Palaeogene mass extinction.
  • Understanding the seasonal impact dynamics provides new insights into K-Pg extinction selectivity.