Multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis for genotyping of erythromycin-resistant group B streptococci

Mahsa Ghamari1, Fereshteh Jabalameli1, Mohammad Emaneini1,2

  • 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Insights

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) shows high resistance to tetracycline and macrolide antibiotics. Multilocus variable tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) revealed diverse GBS genotypes, indicating no clonal outbreaks.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Group B Streptococcus (GBS or *S. agalactiae*) is a significant pathogen.
  • GBS causes severe invasive diseases in neonates, pregnant women, and adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate GBS resistance to macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B (MLSB) antibiotics.
  • Determine macrolide and tetracycline resistance genes and genetic relationships among GBS isolates.

Main Methods:

  • Collected 146 clinical GBS isolates from Tehran, Iran.
  • Determined antimicrobial resistance profiles and resistance genes (e.g., *tetM*, *ermTR*, *ermB*, *mefA*).
  • Utilized multilocus variable tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) for genetic typing of erythromycin-resistant GBS (ERGBS).

Main Results:

  • High resistance rates observed for tetracycline (96.6%), erythromycin (28.1%), and clindamycin (16.4%).
  • The *tetM* gene was most prevalent (92.7%) among ERGBS, followed by *ermTR* (65.8%) and *ermB* (29.3%).
  • MLVA identified 34 distinct MLVA types among 41 ERGBS, indicating diverse genotypes and no clonal spread.

Conclusions:

  • Prudent use of macrolide antibiotics is recommended.
  • Continued surveillance of GBS resistance rates is crucial.
  • Implementing appropriate infection control measures can mitigate the spread of resistant GBS strains.