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Typhoid Fever among Admitted Pediatric Patients in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Gajendra Prasad Rauniyar1, Shrawanti Bhattacharya1, Kumud Chapagain2

  • 1Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.

JNMA; Journal of the Nepal Medical Association
|February 24, 2022
PubMed

Insights

The prevalence of typhoid fever in admitted pediatric patients was 2.03%. Most patients experienced fever and abdominal pain, with many receiving azithromycin prior to admission and ceftriaxone post-admission.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella Typhi & Paratyphi, is a significant public health concern in developing nations.
  • Effective management necessitates careful monitoring of diagnostic protocols and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of typhoid fever among pediatric patients admitted to a tertiary care facility.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2016 to May 2018.
  • Data from 7450 admitted pediatric patients were analyzed using convenience sampling.
  • Prevalence was calculated with a 95% Confidence Interval, alongside frequency and proportion analyses.

Main Results:

  • Enteric fever was diagnosed in 151 (2.03%) patients, with a 95% CI of 1.71-2.35.
  • Fever (100%) and abdominal pain (62.25%) were the most common symptoms.
  • Ceftriaxone was administered to all admitted patients; 38.03% received azithromycin prior to admission. Hospital stays averaged 6 days.

Conclusions:

  • The occurrence rate of typhoid fever aligns with existing literature.
  • Further surveillance of typhoid fever and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns is recommended due to limitations in establishing antibiotic susceptibility.
Abstract

Keywords:
antibiotic; enteric fever; typhoid.

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