Optimising Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Pregnancy: A Review of Risk Prediction Models Targeting Gestational...

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Cardiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major global health concern for women.
• Pregnancy complications, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), are linked to increased future CVD risk.
• Pregnancy offers a critical window for identifying and managing CVD risk factors in women.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review shared pathophysiological pathways of GDM and HDP.
• To summarize current risk prediction models and predictors for GDM and HDP.
• To discuss the clinical utility of these risk prediction models.

Main Methods:

• Narrative review of existing literature.
• Analysis of pathophysiological links between GDM, HDP, and CVD.
• Evaluation of contemporary risk prediction models and their components.

Main Results:

• GDM and HDP share common pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to future CVD.
• Several risk prediction models and candidate predictors for GDM and HDP have been developed.
• These models show potential for early identification of at-risk women.

Conclusions:

• Risk prediction models for GDM and HDP are valuable tools for early CVD risk assessment in women.
• Timely intervention based on these models can mitigate short- and long-term adverse health outcomes.
• Integrating risk prediction into routine antenatal care can improve cardiovascular health trajectories for women.