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Load-frequency control (LFC) is vital for maintaining power system stability, ensuring that frequency and power flows remain within acceptable limits during load changes. Turbine-governor control eliminates rotor accelerations and decelerations following load changes. However, a steady-state frequency error persists when the change in the turbine-governor reference setting is zero. In an interconnected power system, each area agrees to export or import a scheduled amount of power through...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
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Dynamic routing, modulation, and spectrum assignment based on fuzzy logic control in elastic optical networks.

Yi Zhao, Qi Zhang, Zhipei Li

    Applied Optics
    |February 24, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a dynamic routing, modulation, and spectrum assignment algorithm using fuzzy logic control to manage network fragmentation. The fuzzy logic control (FLC) approach enhances spectrum resource utilization and reduces blocking probability in elastic optical networks.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical networking
    • Telecommunications
    • Computer science

    Background:

    • Elastic optical networks face challenges with dynamic resource changes and spectrum fragmentation.
    • Efficient routing, modulation, and spectrum assignment are crucial for network performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a dynamic routing, modulation, and spectrum assignment algorithm based on fuzzy logic control (RMSA-FLC).
    • To address spectrum fragmentation and optimize resource utilization in dynamic elastic optical networks.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a fuzzy logic control (FLC) system incorporating degree of fragmentation optimization and degree of link selection.
    • Utilized path-control weight (PW) as the FLC output to select optimal path and spectrum allocation schemes for reservation requests.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed RMSA-FLC algorithm demonstrated a significant reduction in blocking probability.
    • Improved spectrum resource utilization was observed in dynamic elastic optical network simulations.

    Conclusions:

    • The RMSA-FLC algorithm is an effective solution for managing dynamic network resources and spectrum fragmentation.
    • This approach enhances the efficiency and performance of elastic optical networks.