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Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos
Published on: July 7, 2014
Tamoxifen and oxidative stress: an overlooked connection
Nermin S Ahmed1, Marek Samec2, Alena Liskova2
1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt. nermin.salah@guc.edu.eg.
Abstract:
Tamoxifen is the gold standard drug for the treatment of breast cancer in pre and post-menopausal women. Its journey from a failing contraceptive to a blockbuster is an example of pharmaceutical innovation challenges. Tamoxifen has a wide range of pharmacological activities; a drug that was initially thought to work via a simple Estrogen receptor (ER) mechanism was proven to mediate its activity through several non-ER mechanisms. Here in we review the previous literature describing ER and non-ER targets of tamoxifen, we highlighted the overlooked connection between tamoxifen, tamoxifen apoptotic effects and oxidative stress.
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