Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine

Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine

The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...

Physiology of the Gastrointestinal System III: Elimination

Physiology of the Gastrointestinal System III: Elimination

The gastrointestinal elimination process involves a complex interplay of neural and hormonal mechanisms that coordinate the final waste removal from the body. This intricate operation encompasses the absorption of water and electrolytes, vital for transforming the remaining indigestible food matter into feces. The large intestine is pivotal in water and electrolyte absorption, forming feces from unabsorbed minerals, undigested food, bacteria, bile pigments, and shed epithelial cells. Essential...

Enhanced Elimination of Poison

Enhanced Elimination of Poison

Poison can be effectively removed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract through various decontamination procedures.
Antidotes serve a crucial role in counteracting the effects of poison by inhibiting enzymes responsible for producing harmful drug metabolites. In some cases, these toxic metabolites can be neutralized by endogenous cosubstrates, which are maintained at specific concentrations to prevent interaction with cellular macromolecules and subsequent cell death.
Renal excretion is the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Reduced Mechanical Tactile Stimulation Under Space Microgravity Affects Synaptic Signaling and Contributes to Neuromuscular Aging in Caenorhabditis elegans.

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·2026

Same author

Effects of an indole chemical, mitochonic acid 5, in a mouse model of mitochondrial disease onset.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

An oral tyrosine challenge test for functional phenotyping of microbiota-derived phenyl sulfate production.

npj metabolic health and disease·2026

Same author

Universal transcriptomic hallmarks of mammalian ageing and mortality.

Nature·2026

Same author

RNase L Regulates Antiviral Responsiveness through Cleavage of XBP1 mRNA.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Fat bolsters tumours against ferroptosis.

Nature cell biology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 2, 2025

An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota

An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota

Published on: July 31, 2019

Gut Microbiota Dynamics and Uremic Toxins.

Eikan Mishima¹, Takaaki Abe^1,2,3

¹Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.

|February 24, 2022

Summary

The gut microbiota significantly impacts kidney disease development and progression. Understanding these gut-kidney interactions is crucial for novel therapeutic strategies.

More Related Videos

Development of Human Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Primary Cultures in Monolayers and Three-Dimensional Conditions

Development of Human Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Primary Cultures in Monolayers and Three-Dimensional Conditions

Published on: June 13, 2025

Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model

Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model

Published on: June 23, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 2, 2025

An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota

An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota

Published on: July 31, 2019

Development of Human Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Primary Cultures in Monolayers and Three-Dimensional Conditions

Development of Human Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Primary Cultures in Monolayers and Three-Dimensional Conditions

Published on: June 13, 2025

Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model

Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model

Published on: June 23, 2015

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Nephrology
Gastroenterology

Background:

Emerging research underscores the gut microbiota's role in kidney disease.
The gut-kidney axis is a critical area of investigation in nephrology.

Discussion:

Gut dysbiosis contributes to renal inflammation and fibrosis.
Microbial metabolites can influence systemic and renal health.
Therapeutic modulation of the gut microbiota shows promise for kidney disease management.

Key Insights:

The gut microbiome is integral to the pathophysiology of kidney diseases.
Alterations in gut bacteria are linked to various stages of renal impairment.
Targeting the gut microbiota may offer new avenues for treating kidney disorders.

Outlook:

Further research into specific microbial pathways is warranted.
Developing targeted probiotics and prebiotics could benefit patients with kidney disease.
Investigating the gut-kidney axis will advance personalized nephrology.