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Osteopontin as Candidate Biomarker of Coronary Disease despite Low Cardiovascular Risk: Insights from CAPIRE Study
Federico Carbone1,2, Jennifer Meessen3, Marco Magnoni4
1First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
Insights
Osteopontin (OPN) may bridge cardiovascular risk and coronary artery disease (CAD) development. This study found OPN associated with CAD in patients with low cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting its role in early atherosclerosis.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Biomarkers
- Inflammation
Background:
- Stratifying cardiovascular (CV) risk remains a clinical challenge.
- Inflammation's role between CV risk factors and coronary artery disease (CAD) needs further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if inflammation biomarkers mediate the relationship between CV risk factors and CAD.
- To analyze the association of neutrophil-related biomarkers with CAD across different CV risk factor burdens.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 544 patients from the CAPIRE study (NCT02157662).
- Patients categorized by CAD presence and CV risk factor burden (low/multiple).
- Assessed neutrophil-related biomarkers including osteopontin (OPN), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and resistin.
Main Results:
- Higher osteopontin (OPN) levels were detected in patients with CAD and low CV risk factors (23.2 vs. 19.4 ng/mL; p = 0.001).
- OPN was independently associated with CAD in the low CV risk factor group (adjOR 8.42; p = 0.015).
- OPN correlated with MPO (p = 0.048) and resistin (p = 3.4 × 10^-5), suggesting links to neutrophil degranulation.
Conclusions:
- Osteopontin (OPN) shows potential as a biomarker for coronary artery disease (CAD).
- OPN may link subclinical cardiovascular risk to the development of atherosclerosis.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate OPN's precise role in the CV risk-atherosclerosis continuum.
Abstract:
Stratification according high cardiovascular (CV) risk categories, still represents a clinical challenge. In this analysis of the CAPIRE study (NCT02157662), we investigate whether inflammation could fit between CV risk factors (RFs) and the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD). In total, 544 patients were included and categorized according with the presence of CAD and CV risk factor burden (low/multiple). The primary endpoint was to verify any independent association of neutrophil-related biomarkers with CAD across CV risk categories. The highest values of osteopontin (OPN) were detected in the low RF group and associated with CAD (23.2 vs. 19.4 ng/mL; p = 0.001), although no correlation with plaque extent and/or composition were observed. Conversely, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and resistin did not differ by CAD presence. Again, OPN was identified as independent variable associated with CAD but only in the low RF group (adjOR 8.42 [95% CI 8.42-46.83]; p-value = 0.015). As an ancillary finding, a correlation linked OPN with the neutrophil degranulation biomarker MPO (r = 0.085; p = 0.048) and resistin (r = 0.177; p = 3.4 × 10-5). In the present study, OPN further strengthens its role as biomarker of CAD, potentially bridging subclinical CV risk with development of atherosclerosis.
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