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Factors Associated with Daptomycin-Induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia
Kazuhiro Ishikawa1, Takahiro Matsuo1, Yasumasa Tsuda2
1Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo 104-8560, Japan.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 25, 2022
Summary
Daptomycin-induced eosinophilic pneumonia (EP) is associated with older age, higher daptomycin dosage, and hemodialysis. Clinicians should consider these risk factors in patients receiving daptomycin.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Pharmacology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Eosinophilic pneumonia (EP) risk factors are not well understood.
- Daptomycin (DAP) is an antibiotic used for Gram-positive bacterial infections.
- Daptomycin-induced EP is a potential adverse drug reaction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the characteristics and risk factors of daptomycin-induced eosinophilic pneumonia (EP).
- To identify patient demographics and treatment parameters associated with DAP-induced EP.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational study of 450 patients receiving daptomycin.
- Comparison of patients with and without EP based on age, DAP dosage/body weight, blood eosinophil count, and hemodialysis status.
- Multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify significant risk factors.
Main Results:
- Median time to EP onset was 18 days.
- Patients with DAP-induced EP were older (72 vs. 64 years), received higher DAP doses (9.00 vs. 7.50 mg/kg), had higher eosinophil counts (419 vs. 96 cells/μL), and were more likely to be on hemodialysis (40% vs. 13.4%).
- Significant risk factors for DAP-induced EP included older age (OR 1.03), higher DAP dosage/BW (OR 1.61), and hemodialysis (OR 4.42).
Conclusions:
- Older age, higher daptomycin dosage per body weight, and undergoing hemodialysis are significant risk factors for developing eosinophilic pneumonia.
- Clinicians should be vigilant for EP in elderly patients, those on hemodialysis, or those receiving higher daptomycin doses (>9.00 mg/kg).
- Further research may elucidate the precise mechanisms of DAP-induced EP.
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