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Related Concept Videos

Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

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Overview
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Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 2, 2025

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
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Inflammatory Cells in Atherosclerosis.

Marcelle Mehu1, Chandrakala Aluganti Narasimhulu1, Dinender K Singla1

  • 1Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Inflammation drives atherosclerosis progression. Understanding the roles of various inflammatory cells offers insights for targeted therapeutic interventions in this chronic cardiovascular disease.

Keywords:
dendritic cellslymphocytesmacrophagesmonocytesneutrophils

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the intima, characterized by lipid accumulation, calcification, and plaque rupture.
  • Inflammation is a central mechanism in the development and progression of atherosclerosis.
  • Multiple inflammatory cell types contribute to the pathogenesis of this condition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss the inflammatory cells involved in atherosclerosis.
  • To detail the characteristics and functional significance of these cells.
  • To provide insights for targeted therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on inflammatory cells in atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of the roles of specific inflammatory cell types at different disease stages.

Main Results:

  • Identified key inflammatory cells implicated in atherosclerosis.
  • Described the distinct characteristics and functions of these cells.
  • Highlighted the dynamic involvement of inflammatory cells throughout disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of inflammatory cell involvement is crucial for effective atherosclerosis management.
  • Targeting specific inflammatory cells at various disease stages presents a promising therapeutic avenue.
  • Further research into cellular mechanisms can refine treatment strategies for cardiovascular health.