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Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Tractable Mammalian Cell Infections with Protozoan-primed Bacteria
Published on: April 2, 2013
Glycosylating Effectors of Legionella pneumophila: Finding the Sweet Spots for Host Cell Subversion
Yury Belyi1, Nadya Levanova2, Gunnar N Schroeder3
1Laboratory of Molecular Pathogenesis, Gamaleya Research Centre, 123098 Moscow, Russia.
Abstract:
Work over the past two decades clearly defined a significant role of glycosyltransferase effectors in the infection strategy of the Gram-negative, respiratory pathogen Legionella pneumophila. Identification of the glucosyltransferase effectors Lgt1-3, specifically modifying elongation factor eEF1A, disclosed a novel mechanism of host protein synthesis manipulation by pathogens and illuminated its impact on the physiological state of the target cell, in particular cell cycle progression and immune and stress responses. Recent characterization of SetA as a general O-glucosyltransferase with a wide range of targets including the proteins Rab1 and Snx1, mediators of membrane transport processes, and the discovery of new types of glycosyltransferases such as LtpM and SidI indicate that the vast effector arsenal might still hold more so-far unrecognized family members with new catalytic features and substrates. In this article, we review our current knowledge regarding these fascinating biomolecules and discuss their role in introducing new or overriding endogenous post-translational regulatory mechanisms enabling the subversion of eukaryotic cells by L. pneumophila.
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