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Glycemic Control and the Heart: The Tale of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Continues

Miriam Longo1,2, Lorenzo Scappaticcio1, Paolo Cirillo1

  • 1Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy.

Biomolecules
|February 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC) is a distinct heart failure in diabetes, driven by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. This review details DC

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases are the primary cause of mortality in diabetic individuals.
  • Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC) is a specific heart failure subtype in diabetes, independent of other cardiovascular diseases.
  • Chronic hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and inflammation are key pathophysiological mechanisms in DC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of the clinical, pathogenetic, and molecular aspects of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
  • To focus on the impact of anti-hyperglycemic drugs on preventing cardiac pump dysfunction and improving cardiovascular health in type 2 diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical studies, pathogenetic mechanisms, and molecular aspects of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
  • Analysis of the effects of various anti-hyperglycemic therapies on cardiac function in type 2 diabetes.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic cardiomyopathy involves complex pathophysiological mechanisms including hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and inflammation.
  • Lifestyle modifications and innovative anti-diabetes therapies are crucial for cardiovascular protection in diabetic patients.
  • Anti-hyperglycemic drugs show potential in preventing cardiac pump dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a significant complication requiring targeted therapeutic strategies.
  • Effective management of hyperglycemia and associated metabolic factors is essential for cardiovascular health in diabetes.
  • Further research into anti-hyperglycemic drug effects on cardiac function is warranted for improved patient outcomes.

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseasediabetic cardiomyopathyglucose controlglucose-lowering agentsheart failuretype 2 diabetes

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