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The Effect of Corrective Feedback in Basic Cognitive Tasks: A Study in Early Childhood

Carmen Moret-Tatay1,2, Enrique Vaquer-Cardona1, Gloria Bernabé-Valero1

  • 1MEB Lab, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Avenida de la Ilustración, 2, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Trial-by-trial corrective feedback improved accuracy and reaction time distribution in young children during a go-no-go task. This feedback strategy showed benefits for younger age groups in cognitive tasks.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Corrective feedback is crucial for learning and cognitive development.
  • Go-no-go tasks assess inhibitory control and response inhibition.
  • Understanding feedback effects in early childhood is vital for educational and therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of immediate, trial-by-trial corrective feedback on performance in a go-no-go task.
  • To compare the effects of corrective feedback across different age groups (preschoolers and university students).
  • To analyze reaction time (RT) using ex-Gaussian distribution to reveal underlying cognitive processes.

Main Methods:

  • A go-no-go task was administered to 40 preschool children (4- and 5-year-olds) and 20 university students.
  • Participants completed blocks with and without corrective feedback in a counterbalanced design.
  • Dependent variables included accuracy rate and reaction time, with RT further analyzed using ex-Gaussian fit (τ parameter).

Main Results:

  • Children exhibited increased accuracy and slower reaction times with corrective feedback, indicating a more cautious approach.
  • University students showed faster reaction times, but feedback effects were not statistically significant.
  • Both groups demonstrated a reduction in reaction time distribution tails (τ parameter) under corrective feedback, suggesting improved processing efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Trial-by-trial corrective feedback enhances cognitive control, particularly in younger children, by refining response inhibition.
  • The ex-Gaussian fit parameterization (τ) offers a sensitive measure for evaluating feedback effects on reaction time distributions, even in early development.
  • Corrective feedback appears beneficial for basic cognitive tasks like go-no-go in early childhood but less impactful in older individuals.

Keywords:
corrective feedbackearly childhoodreaction timetime components

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