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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in PANS/PANDAS in Children: In Search of a Qualified Treatment-A Systematic Review and

Salvatore Cocuzza1, Antonino Maniaci1, Ignazio La Mantia1

  • 1Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", ENT Section, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Treatment for pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome/pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infection (PANS/PANDAS) remains unclear. While both surgical and medical PANS/PANDAS treatments showed OCD reduction, further research is needed for definitive protocols.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neuropsychiatry
  • Autoimmune Disorders

Background:

  • Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome/pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infection (PANS/PANDAS) lacks established therapeutic protocols.
  • Current treatment strategies for PANS/PANDAS require further investigation to establish efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze existing literature on treatment strategies for PANS/PANDAS.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of different therapeutic approaches for PANS/PANDAS, focusing on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of English language articles published in the last 20 years.
  • Analysis included studies reporting on PANS/PANDAS treatments and OCD outcomes post-intervention.
  • Included 11 articles covering 473 patients (129 surgical, 326 medical).

Main Results:

  • Both surgical and medical treatments demonstrated a reduction in OCD symptoms.
  • No statistically significant reduction in OCD was achieved for either treatment group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Surgical interventions may offer promising outcomes in select PANS/PANDAS patients, warranting further investigation.
  • The efficacy of medical therapy for PANS/PANDAS is debated due to inconsistent protocols and variable patient responses.
  • Further research is essential to determine optimal therapeutic procedures for PANS/PANDAS.
Abstract

Keywords:
ENTOCDPANDASadenotonsillectomybehavioral disordersinfectionorobuccal disorders

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