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Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Dynamic Monitoring of Seroconversion using a Multianalyte Immunobead Assay for Covid-19
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Dynamic Monitoring of Seroconversion using a Multianalyte Immunobead Assay for Covid-19

Published on: February 16, 2022

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Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Seroprevalence in Children and Factors Associated with Seroconversion: Results from a

Marzia Lazzerini1, Simone Benvenuto2, Ilaria Mariani1

  • 1Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Limited data exist on the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) burden in children. Seroprevalence studies may not fully capture infection rates, highlighting the need for alternative markers like T cells.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Data on the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic's impact on children are scarce.
  • Assessing the true prevalence of infection in pediatric populations is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in children across three distinct time points.
  • To identify factors associated with seroconversion in the pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 594 children was studied between January and July 2021.
  • SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies targeting the Spike protein were measured.
  • Multivariate logistic regression analyzed sociodemographic, clinical, and historical variables.

Main Results:

  • No significant trend in IgG antibody prevalence was observed over time (11.1% to 15.4%).
  • Children with prior positive nasopharyngeal swabs (AdjOR 15.41) or cohabiting with infected individuals (AdjOR 9.95) had higher odds of seropositivity.
  • Foreign citizenship was also associated with increased odds (AdjOR 2.4).

Conclusions:

  • Seroprevalence studies alone may be insufficient for estimating COVID-19 prevalence in children.
  • Further research is needed to explore alternative infection markers, such as CD4+ T cells and memory B-cells.

Keywords:
COVID-19IgG antibodiesItalychildrenseroprevalence

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