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In Situ Peroxidase Labeling Followed by Mass-Spectrometry Reveals TIA1 Interactome.

Olga Gourdomichali1,2, Katerina Zonke1, Fedon-Giasin Kattan1,3

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The TIA1 protein interacts with different partners in unstressed and stressed cells, revealing its dynamic role in RNA metabolism and cellular responses. This study maps TIA1

Keywords:
APEX2LC-MS/MSRNA binding proteinsTIA1proteomicsproximity labelingstressstress granules

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • TIA1 is a DNA/RNA binding protein crucial for RNA metabolism and stress granule assembly.
  • Its functions are mediated by RNA recognition motifs and a poorly characterized prion-like domain.
  • Understanding TIA1's protein interactions is key to elucidating its cellular roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize proteins interacting with TIA1 in situ under different cellular conditions.
  • To investigate how TIA1's protein environment changes during cellular stress.
  • To provide a comprehensive map of the TIA1 interactome.

Main Methods:

  • Fusion of enhanced ascorbate peroxidase 2 (APEX2) to TIA1 for proximity-dependent biotinylation.
  • Mass spectrometry to identify biotinylated proteins in the vicinity of TIA1.
  • Comparative analysis of TIA1 interactomes in unstressed and acutely stressed cells.

Main Results:

  • Identified 86 protein partners in unstressed cells and 203 in stressed cells, primarily within ribonucleoprotein complexes.
  • Demonstrated a significant difference in TIA1's protein partners between unstressed and stressed states.
  • Unstressed cells showed enrichment in mRNA metabolism processes (translation, transport, catabolism).
  • Stressed cells revealed broader subcellular distribution (chromosomes, mitochondria) and enrichment in splicing, translation, DNA repair, and amide metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • TIA1 interacts with distinct sets of proteins in different cellular states, highlighting its dynamic regulatory functions.
  • The study provides a detailed spatial map of TIA1 and its partners, crucial for understanding its role in RNA metabolism and stress response.
  • These findings lay the groundwork for further dissecting TIA1's involvement in various cellular processes.