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CD26/DPP-4 in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

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|February 25, 2022
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CD26 is a specific marker for leukemia stem cells (LSCs) in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). Monitoring CD26+ LSCs may help track treatment effectiveness in CML patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • CD26 expression is altered in various cancers.
  • CD26 is identified as a specific marker for leukemia stem cells (LSCs) in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML).
  • CD26 is absent on normal hematopoietic stem cells and LSCs in other myeloid neoplasms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate CD26 as a specific marker for CML LSCs.
  • To evaluate the presence of CD26+ LSCs in CML patients at diagnosis and during treatment.
  • To explore the potential of CD26+ LSCs as a biomarker for monitoring therapeutic response in CML.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry assays were used to detect CD26 expression on LSCs.
  • Peripheral blood (PB) samples from diagnosed Chronic-Phase CML patients were analyzed.
  • Analysis included patients undergoing Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) treatment.

Main Results:

  • CD26+ LSCs were detected in all evaluated PB samples of CML patients at diagnosis.
  • Circulating CD26+ LSCs were found in most CML patients on TKI treatment, irrespective of molecular response depth.
  • Higher numbers of CD26+ LSCs at diagnosis correlated with poorer treatment response in preliminary data.

Conclusions:

  • CD26 is confirmed as a specific marker for CML.
  • CD26+ LSCs persist during TKI therapy, even with deep molecular responses.
  • CD26+ LSCs show potential as a biomarker for monitoring CML therapeutic efficacy.