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Compact Urban Form and Human Development: Retest Based on Heterogeneous Effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Urban Studies
  • Human Geography
  • Econometrics

Background:

  • Human Development Index (HDI) distributions are often skewed, challenging traditional statistical models.
  • Finite mixture models offer improved estimation for skewed data compared to fixed-effects models.
  • Existing research on compact cities and human development primarily focuses on economic density.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between compact city development and human development using a finite mixture model.
  • To analyze the distinct impacts of economic and morphological density on human development levels.
  • To explore how city characteristics influence the relationship between compact development and human development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized panel data from Chinese prefecture-level cities.
  • Employed a finite mixture model to account for skewed Human Development Index distributions.
  • Examined both economic and morphological density metrics.

Main Results:

  • Compact city development demonstrates a negative association with human development.
  • The intensity of this negative impact is not uniform; it varies based on city characteristics.
  • Morphological and economic density have differential effects on human development outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • The findings challenge the universal applicability of compact city models for enhancing human development.
  • Finite mixture models provide a more nuanced understanding of complex urban-rural relationships.
  • Policy implications suggest tailored urban planning strategies considering city-specific attributes for sustainable human development.