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Beverage Consumption and Ulcerative Colitis: A Case-Control Study from Saudi Arabia.

Anas Almofarreh1,2, Haytham A Sheerah3,4,5, Ahmed Arafa4,6

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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|February 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

In Saudi Arabia, frequent coffee and tea consumption showed a protective association with ulcerative colitis (UC). However, regular intake of carbonated soft drinks was linked to a higher risk of developing UC.

Keywords:
Saudi Arabiacarbonated soft drinkscase-control studycoffeeteaulcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Epidemiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • The link between beverage consumption and ulcerative colitis (UC) lacks robust data, especially from Arab populations.
  • This study addresses this gap by examining beverage intake patterns in Saudi Arabia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between coffee, tea, and carbonated soft drink consumption and ulcerative colitis (UC) in a Saudi Arabian population.
  • To explore the relationship between beverage intake and UC disease extent.

Main Methods:

  • A hospital-based case-control study involving 171 newly diagnosed UC patients and 400 controls.
  • Beverage intake was assessed via questionnaire prior to diagnosis; logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios.

Main Results:

  • Frequent coffee and tea intake were associated with reduced odds of UC (OR 0.62 and 0.53, respectively).
  • Frequent carbonated soft drink consumption was strongly associated with increased odds of UC (OR 9.82).
  • No significant association was found between beverage consumption frequency and UC disease extension.

Conclusions:

  • In Saudi individuals, frequent coffee and tea consumption correlate with a lower risk of UC, while carbonated soft drinks are linked to a higher risk.
  • Further population-based prospective studies are recommended to validate these findings.