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Reducing the γ'-Particle Size in CMSX-4 for Membrane Development.

Janik Marius Lück¹, Joachim Rösler¹

¹Institut für Werkstoffe, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Langer Kamp 8, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

|February 25, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Metallic membranes fabricated using CMSX-4 alloy offer a sustainable alternative for lipophilic drug emulsions. Optimizing heat treatment protocols, specifically air cooling, refines γ/γ

Keywords:

CMSX-4 growth of γ′heat treatment superalloy membranes γ′-precipitates

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemical Engineering
Pharmaceutical Technology

Background:

Premix membrane emulsification is used for lipophilic drug delivery systems.
Current polycarbonate/polyester membranes suffer from fouling and waste.
Nickel-based single crystalline superalloy CMSX-4 offers a fouling-resistant alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

To optimize metallic membrane fabrication for improved droplet size distribution.
To investigate the effect of heat treatment on CMSX-4 microstructure for membrane applications.
To identify heat treatment parameters for controlled γ'-particle size and morphology.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of CMSX-4 metallic membranes.
Implementation of varied heat treatment protocols: cooling rates (water vs. air), precipitation holding time, and temperature.
Microstructural analysis of γ/γ' phases, focusing on γ'-particle size and morphology.

Main Results:

Air cooling promotes well-aligned, cubic γ'-particles, superior to water quenching's irregular structures.
Reduced precipitation temperature and holding time lead to smaller γ'-particles.
An optimal protocol yielded γ'-particles of 224 ± 52 nm with favorable morphology for membrane fabrication.

Conclusions:

Heat treatment significantly influences CMSX-4 microstructure, impacting membrane performance.
Air cooling and controlled precipitation offer a viable route to tune γ'-particles for enhanced metallic membranes.
Optimized CMSX-4 membranes present a durable and efficient platform for lipophilic drug emulsification.