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Endotoxin-induced human and porcine leucocyte reactions in vitro
Abstract:
Tube migration of a fixed number of PMN cells in plasma (5 X 10(9) cells/l) was approximately reduced by 50% when 1 ml of cell suspension was exposed to 20 micrograms E. coli endotoxin in 100 microliter NaCl for 2 hours. Procoagulant activity in monocytes increased approximately eight-fold when 1 ml of whole blood was exposed to 2 ng endotoxin in 10 microliters NaCl for 2 hours. Chemiluminescence in both PMN cells (5 X 10(9) cells/l) and mononuclear cells (2 X 10(9) cells/l) in plasma was markedly increased when 100 microliters cell suspension was added to 100 microliters Luminol, exposed to 20 micrograms endotoxin in 100 microliters NaCl and tested immediately. Decreased lysosomal enzyme levels in PMN and mononuclear cells were demonstrated when 1 ml cells in plasma (the same cell numbers as aforementioned) were incubated for 4 hours at 37 degrees C with 200 micrograms endotoxin in 100 microliters NaCl. Similar results were obtained in human and porcine leucocytes, making the pig a suitable animal for studies of humoral and cellular reactions to infections complications following trauma and major surgery.
Insights
Bacterial endotoxin significantly impacts immune cell function, reducing polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell migration and lysosomal enzyme levels while increasing procoagulant activity and chemiluminescence in both PMN and mononuclear cells.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Bacterial endotoxins are potent immune modulators.
- Understanding endotoxin's effects on leukocytes is crucial for managing infections and inflammatory conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of Escherichia coli endotoxin on human and porcine leukocyte functions.
- To assess changes in cell migration, procoagulant activity, chemiluminescence, and lysosomal enzyme levels.
Main Methods:
- Exposure of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells and mononuclear cells to varying concentrations of E. coli endotoxin.
- Measurement of tube migration, procoagulant activity, chemiluminescence, and lysosomal enzyme levels.
- Comparative analysis using human and porcine leukocytes.
Main Results:
- Endotoxin reduced PMN cell migration by approximately 50%.
- Procoagulant activity in monocytes increased eight-fold.
- Chemiluminescence in PMN and mononuclear cells was markedly increased.
- Lysosomal enzyme levels in PMN and mononuclear cells decreased after prolonged incubation.
Conclusions:
- E. coli endotoxin significantly alters key immune cell functions.
- Porcine leukocytes exhibit similar responses to endotoxin as human leukocytes.
- The pig serves as a suitable animal model for studying endotoxin-induced immune responses relevant to trauma and surgery complications.