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Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Determining the Mechanical Strength of Ultra-Fine-Grained Metals
Published on: November 22, 2021
Cavity Nucleation and Growth in Nickel-Based Alloys during Creep
Felix Meixner1, Mohammad Reza Ahmadi1, Christof Sommitsch1
1Institute of Materials Science, Joining and Forming, Graz University of Technology, Kopernikusgasse 24/1, 8010 Graz, Austria.
Abstract:
The number of fossil fueled power plants in electricity generation is still rising, making improvements to their efficiency essential. The development of new materials to withstand the higher service temperatures and pressures of newer, more efficient power plants is greatly aided by physics-based models, which can simulate the microstructural processes leading to their eventual failure. In this work, such a model is developed from classical nucleation theory and diffusion driven growth from vacancy condensation. This model predicts the shape and distribution of cavities which nucleate almost exclusively at grain boundaries during high temperature creep. Cavity radii, number density and phase fraction are validated quantitively against specimens of nickel-based alloys (617 and 625) tested at 700 °C and stresses between 160 and 185 MPa. The model's results agree well with the experimental results. However, they fail to represent the complex interlinking of cavities which occurs in tertiary creep.
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