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Why Do High-Risk Patients Develop or Not Develop Coronary Artery Disease? Metabolic Insights from the CAPIRE Study
Martino Deidda1, Antonio Noto1, Christian Cadeddu Dessalvi1
1Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
Metabolites
|February 25, 2022
Summary
Metabolic profiles differ between patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and those without, even with similar cardiovascular risk factors. Specific metabolite clusters may reveal novel mechanisms beyond traditional risk factors.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Metabolomics
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors (RFs) do not fully explain coronary artery disease (CAD) development.
- Variability exists in CAD manifestation despite comparable high CV risk profiles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate metabolic differences in patients with high CV risk profiles, comparing those with and without CAD.
- To identify novel metabolic markers associated with CAD development.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 112 subjects from the CAPIRE study with high CV risk profiles.
- Subdivision into CAD/High-RFs and No-CAD/High-RFs groups based on computed tomography angiography.
- Metabolomic profiling using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Main Results:
- Distinct metabolic patterns were observed between the CAD/High-RFs and No-CAD/High-RFs groups.
- Elevated levels of pyruvic acid, lactic acid, glucose, and other metabolites were found in the CAD/High-RFs group.
- Lower concentrations of cholesterol, cysteine, and other metabolites were noted in the CAD/High-RFs group compared to the No-CAD/High-RFs group.
Conclusions:
- Metabolic profiles are different in patients who develop CAD versus those who do not, irrespective of traditional CV risk factors.
- A cluster of metabolites, not a single marker, may indicate novel mechanisms predisposing or protecting against CAD.
- These findings suggest potential for new diagnostic or therapeutic targets beyond established CV risk factors.
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