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Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients
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The Role of the Metabolome and Non-Coding RNA on Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas: An Update

Bruno Bouça1,2, Paula Bogalho1,2, Manfredi Rizzo3

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Central, 1069-166 Lisbon, Portugal.

Metabolites
|February 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This review highlights non-coding RNAs and metabolome deregulation in pheochromocytoma and paragangliomas (PPGL). These factors are crucial for understanding PPGL malignancy, diagnosis, and developing new therapeutic strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Pheochromocytoma and paragangliomas (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors with limited treatment options when malignant.
  • Malignant PPGL are characterized by metastases, reduced survival rates, and few therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent discoveries linking non-coding RNA and metabolome alterations to PPGL.
  • To explore the relevance of these molecular mechanisms for PPGL diagnosis and therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on PPGL molecular mechanisms.
  • Focus on non-coding RNA, epigenetic modifications, and metabolome deregulation.
  • Analysis of hypoxia signaling pathways in PPGL tumorigenesis.

Main Results:

  • Non-coding RNAs are emerging as significant markers for PPGL malignancy.
  • Metabolome deregulation, driven by hypoxia pathways, promotes PPGL growth.
  • Metabolite assessment shows potential for PPGL management.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding non-coding RNA and metabolome is key to advancing PPGL diagnosis and treatment.
  • Further research into these molecular pathways can lead to novel therapeutic strategies for malignant PPGL.
Keywords:
epigeneticsmetabolomemicroRNAparagangliomapheochromocytoma

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