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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Holography
    • Information Capacity Enhancement

    Background:

    • Orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode multiplexing enhances information capacity by enabling hologram reconstruction compatible with wavelength and polarization.
    • Conventional OAM multiplexing holography faces limitations in deep holography due to the lack of spatiotemporal evolution modulation technologies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a depth-controllable imaging technology for OAM deep multiplexing holography.
    • To overcome limitations in spatiotemporal evolution modulation for deep holography.

    Main Methods:

    • Designed a five-layer optical diffractive neural network (ODNN) prototype.
    • Exploited multi-plane light conversion and in-situ optical propagation principles.
    • Simultaneously modulated OAM mode and spatial depth of incident light via unitary transformation and linear modulations.

    Main Results:

    • The ODNN demonstrated light field conversion and evolution of five multiplexed OAM modes in deep multiplexing holography.
    • Achieved a mean square error of 0.03 and a structural similarity index measure of 86%.

    Conclusions:

    • Explored a depth-controllable spatiotemporal evolution technology for OAM deep multiplexing holography.
    • The developed technology is expected to advance OAM mode-based optical holography and storage.