Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cartesian Form for Vector Formulation01:26

Cartesian Form for Vector Formulation

811
The Cartesian form for vector formulation is a process to calculateĀ  the moment of force using the position and force vectors. The moment of force is defined as the cross-product of these vectors, making it a vector quantity. The Cartesian form of the position and force vectors involves unit vectors, which can be used to express the cross-product in determinant form.
811
Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

Focusing of Light in the Eye

3.3K
Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
3.3K
An Introduction to Mechanics01:28

An Introduction to Mechanics

2.3K
Humans have been making ships, shelters, pyramids, weapons, agricultural equipment, and many more items without recording the process or theory behind them for centuries. It would be challenging to document the evolution of mechanics from its origin to the present.
According to records, the history of mechanics starts with Aristotle (384–322 BC). He related mechanics to physical theory, aiming for a universal synthesis.
Newton defined mechanics as the branch of physical science that...
2.3K
Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

15.7K
Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...
15.7K
Differential Form of Maxwell's Equations01:17

Differential Form of Maxwell's Equations

682
James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879) was one of the significant contributors to physics in the nineteenth century. He is probably best known for having combined existing knowledge of the laws of electricity and the laws of magnetism with his insights to form a complete overarching electromagnetic theory, represented by Maxwell's equations. The four basic laws of electricity and magnetism were discovered experimentally through the work of physicists such as Oersted, Coulomb, Gauss, and...
682
Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

7.8K
Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.
7.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Defocused speckle imaging using digital image correlation for lensless tip and tilt measurements with experimental validation.

Applied opticsĀ·2025
Same author

Automatic software-based 3D-angular measurement for weight-bearing CT (WBCT) is valid.

Foot and ankle surgery : official journal of the European Society of Foot and Ankle SurgeonsĀ·2024
Same author

Fringe projector with submillimeter fringe spacing at a meter-scale field of view.

Applied opticsĀ·2023
Same author

Effective selection of shears in variable lateral shearing holography.

Applied opticsĀ·2023
Same author

Fabrication of large-scale scaffolds with microscale features using light sheet stereolithography.

International journal of bioprintingĀ·2023
Same author

Semi-automatic software-based 3D-angular measurement for Weight-Bearing CT (WBCT) in the foot provides different angles than measurement by hand.

Foot and ankle surgery : official journal of the European Society of Foot and Ankle SurgeonsĀ·2022
Same journal

Denoising algorithm of Ī¦-OTDR systems based on adaptive fractional wavelet transform denoising.

Optics expressĀ·2026
Same journal

Millisecond photon-to-photon latency and high-speed volumetric projection system for optogenetics.

Optics expressĀ·2026
Same journal

Polarization-encoded coaxial structured light for high-precision 3D surface profilometry.

Optics expressĀ·2026
Same journal

Discrete freeform optical design based on collaborative optimization of point cloud and local normals.

Optics expressĀ·2026
Same journal

Ultrafast ghost imaging with 25 GHz speckle switching and wavelength-division multiplexing.

Optics expressĀ·2026
Same journal

Atomic vapor cells fabricated by femtosecond laser welding of standard-optical-quality glass.

Optics expressĀ·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Free-form Light Actuators — Fabrication and Control of Actuation in Microscopic Scale
08:17

Free-form Light Actuators — Fabrication and Control of Actuation in Microscopic Scale

Published on: May 25, 2016

9.4K

Freeform optics: introduction.

Konstantinos Falaggis, Jannick Rolland, Fabian Duerr

    Optics Express
    |February 25, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This feature issue showcases 28 articles on recent advancements in freeform optics. It highlights the field's growth and diverse applications, indicating many innovations are still to come.

    More Related Videos

    Author Spotlight: Fabrication of a Low-Cost, Fiber-Coupled, and Air-Spaced Fabry-Pérot Etalon
    07:22

    Author Spotlight: Fabrication of a Low-Cost, Fiber-Coupled, and Air-Spaced Fabry-Pérot Etalon

    Published on: February 3, 2023

    6.4K
    Lensfree On-chip Tomographic Microscopy Employing Multi-angle Illumination and Pixel Super-resolution
    08:41

    Lensfree On-chip Tomographic Microscopy Employing Multi-angle Illumination and Pixel Super-resolution

    Published on: August 16, 2012

    11.7K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Oct 2, 2025

    Free-form Light Actuators — Fabrication and Control of Actuation in Microscopic Scale
    08:17

    Free-form Light Actuators — Fabrication and Control of Actuation in Microscopic Scale

    Published on: May 25, 2016

    9.4K
    Author Spotlight: Fabrication of a Low-Cost, Fiber-Coupled, and Air-Spaced Fabry-Pérot Etalon
    07:22

    Author Spotlight: Fabrication of a Low-Cost, Fiber-Coupled, and Air-Spaced Fabry-Pérot Etalon

    Published on: February 3, 2023

    6.4K
    Lensfree On-chip Tomographic Microscopy Employing Multi-angle Illumination and Pixel Super-resolution
    08:41

    Lensfree On-chip Tomographic Microscopy Employing Multi-angle Illumination and Pixel Super-resolution

    Published on: August 16, 2012

    11.7K

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Optical Engineering

    Background:

    • Freeform optics represents a rapidly advancing area within optical engineering.
    • Traditional optical systems often rely on rotationally symmetric components, limiting design possibilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide an overview of the latest developments in freeform optics.
    • To highlight the diverse range of applications and innovations in the field.

    Main Methods:

    • A curated collection of 28 state-of-the-art articles.
    • Editorial introduction summarizing the published works.

    Main Results:

    • A comprehensive snapshot of current research in freeform optics.
    • Demonstration of the broad applicability of freeform optical designs.

    Conclusions:

    • Freeform optics is a dynamic and expanding field.
    • Significant future innovations are anticipated in freeform optics and its applications.