Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....

Chemical Formulas

Chemical Formulas

A chemical formula presents information about the proportions of atoms constituting a particular chemical compound or molecule, mainly using symbols of elements and numbers. At times other symbols, such as dashes, parentheses, brackets, commas, plus, and minus signs, are also used. A chemical formula can be one of three types – molecular, empirical, and structural.

Molecular and Ionic Solids

Molecular and Ionic Solids

Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...

Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria

Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria

Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...

Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature

Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature

An element composed of atoms that readily lose electrons (a metal) can react with an element composed of atoms that readily gain electrons (a nonmetal) to produce ions through complete electron transfer. The compound formed by this transfer is stabilized by the electrostatic attractions (ionic bonds) between the oppositely charged ions.

Formation of Complex Ions

Formation of Complex Ions

A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Mapping of class II HLA restriction of SepSecS-specific CD4 T cell epitopes in autoimmune hepatitis.

JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology·2026

Same author

In situ dynamic modulation of zero-valent and low-valent copper ratio for constructing stable copper catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination.

Journal of colloid and interface science·2026

Same author

Development of a dual-mode immunoassay kit for periostin detection in exhaled breath condensate using α-NaYF<sub>4</sub>@ZIF-67 core-shell nanostructures.

Biosensors & bioelectronics·2026

Same author

Construction and validation of a machine learning model to predict the sarcopenic obesity population.

Medicine·2026

Same author

Preoperative identification of tumor deposits in rectal cancer using a transformer-based multimodal fusion model: a multicenter retrospective study.

BMC medical imaging·2026

Same author

Clinical characteristics and factors associated with dysphagia in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy: A cross-sectional observational study.

Medicina clinica·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

Composition formulas of solid-solution alloys derived from chemical-short-range orders.

Zhuang Li¹, Dandan Dong², Lei Zhang³

¹Key Laboratory for Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beam (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian, 116024, China.

Scientific Reports

|February 25, 2022

Summary

This study introduces a new model to define chemical units in binary solid solutions, revealing their link to alloy composition and structure. This breakthrough explains the origins of widely used industrial alloys.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Accelerating Discovery in Microporous Material Chemistry

Author Spotlight: Accelerating Discovery in Microporous Material Chemistry

Published on: October 6, 2023

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV

Published on: December 29, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

Author Spotlight: Accelerating Discovery in Microporous Material Chemistry

Author Spotlight: Accelerating Discovery in Microporous Material Chemistry

Published on: October 6, 2023

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV

Published on: December 29, 2016

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Metallurgy
Computational Materials Science

Background:

Solid solutions are fundamental to industrial alloys.
The precise link between short-range order and chemical composition in these alloys remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish a definitive relationship between short-range order and chemical composition in binary solid-solution alloys.
To introduce a novel method for deriving chemical units in alloys.

Main Methods:

Combined the Cowley parameter (α) with a cluster-plus-glue-atom model.
Accurately derived chemical units for face-centered cubic binary solid-solution alloys.

Main Results:

The derived chemical units encapsulate both atomic structure and chemical composition.
Demonstrated the model's efficacy using Cu-Zn alloys, correlating chemical units with cartridge brass C26000 composition.
Successfully explained the composition origin of prevalent industrial alloys.

Conclusions:

The study successfully defines molecule-like chemical units within solid solutions.
This provides a fundamental understanding of chemical short-range ordering and its role in industrial alloy composition.