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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Multifocal Electroretinograms
16:49

Multifocal Electroretinograms

Published on: December 4, 2011

18.4K

Electronegative electroretinogram in the modern multimodal imaging era.

Dhimas H Sakti1,2,3, Haipha Ali1, Maria Korsakova1

  • 1Visual electrophysiology Unit, Save Sight Institute, Speciality of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
|February 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Electronegative electroretinogram (ERG) occurs in 3.1% of patients, primarily due to photoreceptor dystrophy. This diagnostic tool is valuable, even when other imaging appears normal.

Keywords:
electronegative electroretinogramfrequencyprevalence

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • The electronegative electroretinogram (ERG) reflects inner retinal dysfunction and aids in localizing eye disease anatomically.
  • Understanding the frequency and causes of electronegative ERG is crucial for accurate diagnosis and patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and etiological factors of electronegative ERG in a tertiary ophthalmology center.
  • To develop a clinical algorithm to aid in the management of patients with electronegative ERG.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of ERGs performed between January 2011 and December 2020.
  • Analysis of the b:a ratio in dark-adapted recordings (ISCEV standard), including patients with a ratio of ≤1.0.

Main Results:

  • Electronegative ERG was identified in 3.1% (139/4421) of patients.
  • The primary causes included photoreceptor dystrophy (34.5%), Congenital Stationary Night Blindness (23.7%), and retinal ischemia (12.9%).
  • A notable proportion of patients (23%) presented with good vision and normal fundus appearance, and 7.9% had normal multimodal imaging.

Conclusions:

  • The frequency of electronegative ERG in this center was 3.1%, with photoreceptor dystrophy being the most common cause.
  • Electronegative ERG is valuable for diagnosis, particularly in cases with preserved vision and normal findings on fundus examination or multimodal imaging.
  • The study underscores the continued importance of ERG in the current era of advanced multimodal imaging techniques.